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  	  <title><![CDATA[中国金鱼]]></title>
	  <link>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com</link>
	  <description><![CDATA[与喜欢金鱼的朋友分享 ]]></description>
	  <language>zh-CN</language>
	  <pubDate>Sun, 6 Jul 2008 17:24:25 +0800</pubDate>
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	  <managingEditor><![CDATA[chinagoldfish]]></managingEditor>
	  <webMaster><![CDATA[大苏打]]></webMaster>
		  <ttl>120</ttl>
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	  	<title><![CDATA[中国金鱼]]></title>
	  	<url>http://ava.blog.163.com/photo/y4HSwLwI-vjOYffEatmf_w==/4294182244697808053.jpg</url>
	  	<link>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com</link>
	  </image>
  <item>
  	<title><![CDATA[近日偶对于金鱼文化的感悟]]></title>	
    <link>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/992232020086652348340</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div>近日偶对于金鱼文化的感悟<BR><BR>最近这些日子，一直围着几本日文金鱼书打转，把几本日文书里的精华“拼装”在一起，翻译成中文，还得是中国人看得懂的中文，绝不是说上去那么容易，好在弄得差不多了。可是引发了颈腰椎的老毛病了，看来干什么都不能太心急了。 <BR>&nbsp;<BR>病了，打字手发麻，转而看看光盘，最近在看的是百家讲坛，马未都说瓷器，马先生是收藏界一位传奇人士，个人在北京建了观复博物馆，讲的课通俗易懂，很能体现北方人的性格。 <BR>&nbsp;<BR>他的一番话很能触动于我：中国文化博大精深，但人们也像一个家大业大的富家公子，对于那些财富看得很轻，摔个碗碰个盘，并不当回事。而临国日本本身没什么文化，或者说他的文化大多是外来的，因此对于文化格外地重视，什么地都看成是宝，小心翼翼的保管使用。 <BR>&nbsp;<BR>由此也就不难理解，日本对于金鱼文化的珍视。昨天马先生的博客里写下这样一番话：“大家来博物馆虽有主题，但目的不一定明确；感受一下文化的魅力，已变成一种通行的快乐。几代人对文化的破坏，终于在其濒危时让人们觉醒了。每一个今天崇尚传统文化的人，都是祖国灿烂文化的捍卫者。 <BR>&nbsp;<BR>捍卫自己尊重的文化，应是每个中华民族子孙的责任。我们绵延不断的文明之所以有今天，就是因为历史上有许许多多仁人志士承担过这种责任，许多人甚至为此舍去生命。为无形舍去有形，总是令人钦佩。 <BR>&nbsp;<BR>我们今天如还能感到一点自豪，还能体会一丝幸福，它的根基一定来自于文化。你生下来，方块字限制了你的思维，它告诉你天地玄黄，宇宙洪荒，日月盈昃，晨宿列张；它告诉你人之初，性本善，性相近，习相远；人作为以精神生活为主的动物，若想主宰这个星球，就离不开文化。” <BR>&nbsp;<BR>看来偶成为马扎的日子不远了。 </div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[大苏打]]></author>
	    <comments>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/992232020086652348340</comments>
    <slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/992232020086652348340</guid>
    <pubDate>Sun, 6 Jul 2008 17:23:48 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-07-06T17:23:48+08:00</dcterms:modified>
  </item>    
  <item>
  	<title><![CDATA[日寿青仔]]></title>	
    <link>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852511850214</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P>今年是2008年，不仅是奥运年，也是日寿二次走入国内并普及的一年。这里记录的是此时，国内各地销售日本兰寿青仔的图片。以期年末，看到各位养殖的收获。</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">&nbsp;<A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/GuXcvcdLzp8yRA_88z9KEg==/1150388229817124358.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/GuXcvcdLzp8yRA_88z9KEg==/1150388229817124358.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">东晟渔场優西</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/ewiVA2cj6u2lnu9oN5gTIA==/1150388229817124359.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/ewiVA2cj6u2lnu9oN5gTIA==/1150388229817124359.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">淄博水世界宗家</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/DTg1yg-szpjNVWb2J6U4bQ==/2296272860006271654.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/DTg1yg-szpjNVWb2J6U4bQ==/2296272860006271654.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">上邪高尾幸昌</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/wQwAxURCrEtCRdo_VzUi0w==/2296272860006271674.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/wQwAxURCrEtCRdo_VzUi0w==/2296272860006271674.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">南京金鱼俱乐部滨松</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/v9ZANMxLY3PFbarGdM4v5Q==/2269251262242043047.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/v9ZANMxLY3PFbarGdM4v5Q==/2269251262242043047.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">南京金鱼俱乐部山铺</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/5ryKIls836mAGF5LOJs37g==/344525371494261595.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/5ryKIls836mAGF5LOJs37g==/344525371494261595.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">张震宾松</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/kCl_Ckguz-TjyJ_kvIWcQQ==/1762877779139634976.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/kCl_Ckguz-TjyJ_kvIWcQQ==/1762877779139634976.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">鳞隐阁博野正彦</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/inC8X0cdAcytM_2Md9JWVA==/1410752583274304391.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/inC8X0cdAcytM_2Md9JWVA==/1410752583274304391.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">均银水族</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/HQLQLUXyAW_v1tEmV_6nAw==/844424930132615544.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/HQLQLUXyAW_v1tEmV_6nAw==/844424930132615544.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">上樓水晶蝦專門店高尾昌幸</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/trFsS-Y2NodF6hkgjfVURA==/3450320264519976115.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/trFsS-Y2NodF6hkgjfVURA==/3450320264519976115.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">上樓水晶蝦專門店伊滕範勝</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/4aOJpVIxaKj92VSEsU8zZg==/3450320264519976120.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/4aOJpVIxaKj92VSEsU8zZg==/3450320264519976120.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">上樓水晶蝦專門店高橋らんちゅう養殖場</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/X1hAmMyF5O7I4AZ-E7dzkw==/3450320264519976126.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/X1hAmMyF5O7I4AZ-E7dzkw==/3450320264519976126.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">上樓水晶蝦專門店小澤らんちゅう</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/7-laE94b5P7Qmd9Sia6bsg==/3450320264519976128.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/7-laE94b5P7Qmd9Sia6bsg==/3450320264519976128.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">上樓水晶蝦專門店浜松</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/xJ11SlF7ahtOR4TrkIVu8Q==/3450320264519976135.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/xJ11SlF7ahtOR4TrkIVu8Q==/3450320264519976135.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">jon高尾昌幸</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/lMnyoBksf3siiR3EFEv7_w==/3450320264519976139.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/lMnyoBksf3siiR3EFEv7_w==/3450320264519976139.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">宁波小鱼博野辰彦</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/JfOxZDv5dV-jbvVpxdy3CQ==/3450320264519976140.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/JfOxZDv5dV-jbvVpxdy3CQ==/3450320264519976140.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">阿甘宗家</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/LSetQx5Agc_wOdi6TiRzWw==/3450320264519976141.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/LSetQx5Agc_wOdi6TiRzWw==/3450320264519976141.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">浙江高峰</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/xx9oDMs-2ezeloHgYVxneQ==/5349150457409679230.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/xx9oDMs-2ezeloHgYVxneQ==/5349150457409679230.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">爱鱼如命高尾昌幸</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/ADKAghwq7WOcbVdZsOI3nQ==/4023121842125935620.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/ADKAghwq7WOcbVdZsOI3nQ==/4023121842125935620.jpg"></A></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">金鱼的信仰</P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/scuX22aebzGwm0D8ufMihw==/4023121842125935634.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/scuX22aebzGwm0D8ufMihw==/4023121842125935634.jpg"></A> </P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 2em">鱼友会滨松</P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[大苏打]]></author>
	    <comments>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852511850214</comments>
    <slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852511850214</guid>
    <pubDate>Wed, 25 Jun 2008 23:08:50 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-06-26T15:14:57+08:00</dcterms:modified>
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  <item>
  	<title><![CDATA[金鱼的分类介绍（龙背种金鱼篇）---大苏打]]></title>	
    <link>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852353614427</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=4><STRONG>金鱼的分类介绍</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">---- </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙背种金鱼篇</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙背种是无背鳍、凸眼一类金鱼的总称。龙背最早的意思并未包含凸眼的含义，只是泛指无背鳍的金鱼。（见</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1955</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年《金鱼家化史与品种形成的因素》陈桢：“禽虫典有一金鱼图。图中之鱼有两条是缺少背鳍的，说明现在叫做“龙背”的鱼品已经出现。）</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">但是以龙背来作为无背鳍的称谓，笔者持保留意见，众所周知，中国图腾中龙的形象是有背鳍的，而龙背种金鱼是无背鳍的，因此龙背来作为无背鳍金鱼的名称，显然不太合适。龙背种这种分法本身一直存在争议，有人认为应该将其分到蛋种里，因其没有背鳍，也有人认为应该将其分到龙种，因其突出的龙睛。天可怜见，谁让这个金鱼品种，同时具有蛋种、龙种两类金鱼的特征哩。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">普遍地，认为龙背种金鱼是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1726</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年出现的，这种观点的依据是来自</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1726</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年出版的古今图书集成中的一幅金鱼图。图中确有两条无背鳍的金鱼，至于背鳍是否为画家疏漏了呢，暂时无从可考，但可以肯定的是，画中的这两尾无背鳍的金鱼，眼睛属于正常眼型，因此按照现代金鱼分类方法，只能勉强将其归为蛋种，而非龙背种。关于龙背种金鱼的准确记载，笔者能够查阅到的最早记录是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1904</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年拙园老人所著《虫鱼雅集》。文中有一段描述：“如有望天龙、眼上视，有背刺。若无刺。即望天鱼。”按其所载，至少在此时期之前不仅有属于龙背种的望天鱼，而且带有背鳍的今所谓“扯旗望天”也有出现。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尽管龙背种出现时间也不算短了，但仍旧“门丁不旺”。旗下品种寥寥，并且还有逐渐衰落之势。目前能够见到的仅有：龙背、望天（球）、虎头龙睛、蛙头几种。品鉴的标准和其他种类有共通之处。身形粗壮，体宽与体长比例大约在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">左右。眼球特征明显，膨大而突出。两眼对称，没有歪斜之相。虹膜明亮通透，不过早出现混浊。龙背种虽然品种寥寥，但也属于中国金鱼品种中的一类变异分支。金鱼的品种变异如何而来？这个问题，近现代的许多学者、爱好者、科学家都有做过这方面的探讨。观点也不尽相同。笔者在此问题上的观点是：</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首先是突变，环境对于突变的产生起着很大作用。</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自明代金鱼的养殖进入到盆养时期。在狭小的水域里，静止的水体，低溶氧、水温波动大、饵料的充足保障等环境条件都与自然环境大相径庭。在这种人造环境中金鱼进行繁殖，其子代出现突变的可能性大大增加。这一点与中国兰花新品种的出现十分相似。笔者栽植兰花多年，与金鱼类似，中国兰花也以变异品种为贵，多瓣、少瓣的兰花花朵为人珍视、追捧。古时为了培育出具有特殊变异的变种来，往往会创造特殊环境，如：高温、干燥、暴晒、过度营养以促使兰花产生突变。在没有现代基因重组、辐射技术条件的古代，这些方式是造就新变异的“土”办法。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">突变产生后，人工的发现与选择也是十分重要的。</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金鱼发生的突变，根据当时人们对于金鱼的欣赏水平，加以保留。在盆养环境下，人们可以近距离观察金鱼，有了特殊变异也很容易得以发现。旧时，金鱼被作为皇宫贵族彰显身份的奢侈品，对于异品往往推崇倍至。这种求新求异之风，也促使“鱼把式”对于新变异格外重视，区别单养。而正是这种选择的结果，一是造成定向培育，使特征得以纯化加强。二是与一般群体分开，给生存力相对较弱的新变异个体“开小灶”。与此同理，在日本，养殖锦鲤有经验的的鱼农，会在幼鱼时期即把红白个体从赤白无地（纯红白）单独挑选出来，区别饲养，不如此，由于体质关系，红白个体会渐渐衰弱。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">选择出来的新变异，在人工创造的环境下得以发展。</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">环境而生存，变异的个体，大多体质机能减弱，没有人工创造的环境，难以生存。新变异出来的个体特征，只有在适宜的环境下，才能得以充分展现，从而使人们发现潜质，进而定向选育。例如现代金鱼饲养经验得知，如果将皮球珍珠鳞金鱼放养在土坑塘之中，身形会变得瘦长，球状体型得不到发展。另一个例子，在鱼场养殖金鱼时，偶尔会出现少量无尾鳍的个体，这类个体如果创造一定条件，是可以生存下来的，甚至可以繁育后代（尽管出于审美观点，实际金鱼养殖中，人们并不会这样做）。在人工环境下，即便其基本“追尾”都不能自然完成，还是可以通过人工受精的方式让它繁育出后代。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">环境促进突变、选择得以纯化、环境保障发展。</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金鱼的基本品种就是在这三者相互作用下产生的。而不同品种之间的杂交，就像调色板一样，出现了许多兼具多种特征的金鱼品种，而且花色繁多，层出不穷。体现了中国人民的才智与恒心。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2></FONT><FONT size=2></FONT><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">突变</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">环境</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">选择</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蛋种金鱼的代表品种：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></FONT></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">红蛙头</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：蛙头也被称作硬泡，在眼睛的下部生有小水泡。蛙头品种眼泡略微突起、口阔，属于宽头型，从头型上看，颇似青蛙的头部，因而得名。蛙头是水泡金鱼的最早雏形，在传统分类上，蛙头被分在龙背种内，而水泡眼却被分在蛋种（见上篇），对此笔者暂时仍以这种分类法来介绍。蛙头金鱼出现时，褒贬不一，著名语言学家林汉达先生，就曾戏称：“好像人的下眼沿被黄蜂刺了一下，浮肿起来，有什么好看”。蛙头在市场上已经很少见了，一旦出现则被视作稀少品种。值得一提的是，在很多金鱼，特别是虎头型金鱼中，有个别老龄个体，在眼睛下方也会出现小水泡，这跟蛙头鉴赏不同，是一种退变现象，如果这种现象出现在三龄以前，则此尾金鱼不宜再用作亲鱼。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/KC5EznlFkLmOxckSg5DA_Q==/1194298326183734523.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/KC5EznlFkLmOxckSg5DA_Q==/1194298326183734523.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>红蛙头</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/gP2M2oN1ZwdOF6-_BHQgIg==/1194298326183734527.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/gP2M2oN1ZwdOF6-_BHQgIg==/1194298326183734527.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>老龄虎头金鱼中出现的“眼袋”褪变</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">望天：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">又称朝天龙，在日本称作“顶天眼”，眼球与龙睛基本相同都明显突起，但反转向上，瞳孔朝天，虹膜富含反光质，晶莹闪亮，有朝见天子之意。据传说望天金鱼的培育，是在皇宫中置一暗室，只在上方开窗，而金鱼被养在深缸之中，长时间的饲养环境，造成金鱼的眼球向上反转，这种说法，影响十分广泛，但没有理论依据。即使这种环境可能影响到个别金鱼发生眼球的改变，但这种改变又如何能遗传后代呢？另一个方面，在其他金鱼品种中，正常饲养条件，也会出现个别眼球反转的变异，如图中的这尾蝶尾龙睛，眼睛明显向上反转，相信如果定向选择，就可能将这种特质保留下去。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/IGuH61WwXha1tSG0ZTzN-w==/1194298326183734530.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/IGuH61WwXha1tSG0ZTzN-w==/1194298326183734530.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>红望天</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/Px8U2JZe08pUC0CUWKsslw==/1194298326183734535.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/Px8U2JZe08pUC0CUWKsslw==/1194298326183734535.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>蝶尾金鱼出现眼睛变异的个体</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">望天球</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：此种金鱼在市场上颇受欢迎，在望天的基础上，两眼之间着生两只绒球，而绒球的颜色往往会与鱼身体的色彩不一样，可形成鲜明的对比，更增添了几分美感。市场上销售的望天球很多来自福建一带的养殖场，这种望天球可以养得很大，但是望天球并不宜过大，眼睛、绒球、体幅、身长要比例匀称。小巧的身形，更能凸现灵动可爱。由于兼具了望天眼和蛋绒球的特征，其观赏性要比蛋绒球更胜一筹。望天球金鱼以俯视的效果最佳。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/Do5IwZZ4Q41fMjfIutcyIQ==/1194298326183734540.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/Do5IwZZ4Q41fMjfIutcyIQ==/1194298326183734540.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>红白望天球侧视</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/_DyjeQiUB9r7JikrNsLmcA==/1194298326183734543.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/_DyjeQiUB9r7JikrNsLmcA==/1194298326183734543.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>紫望天球俯视</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">虎头龙睛</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：北京旧称鼓眼帽子，这个品种原先较为常见，也出现过很多优秀品种，如红顶鼓眼帽子、朱砂眼鼓眼帽子等等。如果细分，可以将此品种分作两类，一种是虎头龙睛，其特点以龙睛为主，只在两眼之间头顶部着生有头瘤，有些像头戴礼帽的龙睛鱼。另一种是龙睛虎头，它仍以虎头为主要特征，只是眼睛为龙睛形态。由于虎头头型很像个娃娃脸，龙睛虎头就像头顶双抓髻的孩童。此类金鱼目前已经十分稀少了，上个世纪九十年代在北京南郊还有少量养殖，而现在连普通龙背也难以找到，想要恢复这个品种，已属不易。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;<A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/F_MwkIYI68fmJA-GoybhCg==/1194298326183734546.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/F_MwkIYI68fmJA-GoybhCg==/1194298326183734546.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>铁包金虎头龙睛</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/VuFFQFxYnxL2gfV9I8yiSw==/1194298326183734549.jpg" target=_blank><IMG style="FLOAT: left" src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/VuFFQFxYnxL2gfV9I8yiSw==/1194298326183734549.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>红龙睛虎头</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">后记</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：此节是金玉满堂系列的最后一篇。之前分作五篇陆续介绍了金鱼各分类的特点及代表品种，并穿插论述了对金鱼主要变异的个人观点。关于中国金鱼的文章、书籍有很多，前辈们有着很多精彩的著述。中国金鱼要想进一步发展，需要与时俱进，不断研究，付诸实践。笔者不揣冒昧，急就此文，其目的是抛砖引玉，希望能得到专家、从业者以及广大金鱼爱好者的批评指正。（电子邮箱：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="mailto:chinagoldfish@163.com"><FONT face="Times New Roman">chinagoldfish@163.com</FONT></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</SPAN></FONT></P>
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	    <author><![CDATA[大苏打]]></author>
	    <comments>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852353614427</comments>
    <slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852353614427</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 23 Jun 2008 17:36:14 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-06-23T17:36:14+08:00</dcterms:modified>
  </item>    
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  	<title><![CDATA[金鱼的分类介绍（龙睛种金鱼篇）--- 大苏打]]></title>	
    <link>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852352815398</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=4><STRONG>金鱼的分类介绍</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">---- </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙睛种金鱼篇</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提起金鱼，最先被人们想到的品种就是龙睛了。在艺术作品中，龙睛金鱼常被作为创作的题材。龙睛就是龙种金鱼的代表品种，龙种是以凸出于眶外的眼球作为主要变异特征的一类金鱼品种，由于其突出的眼睛与传说中的龙很相似，因而冠名“龙睛”。在金鱼各品种分类中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有两个品种都与“龙”有关，一个是龙睛，另一个是龙背。都体现着国人对于龙的崇拜。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙是中华民族的图腾，数千年的龙文化史，造就了龙的造型：牛耳、鹿角、虎掌、鹰爪、蛇身、鱼鳞，体现出八方融合的泱泱大国气度。诚然，龙是一种虚拟的生物，因为它是由许多不同的图腾糅合成的一种综合体，在现实中并不存在，然而金鱼的出现，使人们的心灵寄托得以些许实现。正如</SPAN><SPAN lang=ZH style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH">明代书画家朱之蕃所题：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">谁染银鳞琥珀浓。光摇鬃鬣映芙蓉。清池跃处桃生浪，伫见飞空化赤龙。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;<A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/kvz_9mjbPdCxeQzLH-RbHw==/2836986290267260780.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/kvz_9mjbPdCxeQzLH-RbHw==/2836986290267260780.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙是中华民族的图腾</SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">品种历史：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙种金鱼的出现时间，有着不同的说法，比较广泛的，认为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1592</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年前就已出现，理由是明代屠隆所著的《考檗余事</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> -- </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金鱼品》中记述“第眼虽贵于红凸，然必泥此，无全鱼矣。”但是笔者认为，以此判定龙睛的出现，未免有些牵强，此论据只能说明有眼球突出金鱼的出现，还不能就此说明就是龙睛。研究金鱼遗传学的陈桢教授也曾就此注释：“不能肯定“突眼”是否即龙睛。”（金鱼的家化与变异</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1959</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">至清代著名杂家姚元之</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">(1773-1852)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在其著作《竹叶亭杂记》中收录的金鱼论述：“龙睛鱼，此种黑如墨，至尺余不变者为上，谓墨龙睛。又有纯白、纯红、纯翠者，有大片红花者，细碎红点者，虎皮者，红白翠黑杂花者，变幻多种，不能细述。文人每就其花色名之，总以身粗而匀，尾大而正，睛齐而称，体正而圆，口圆面润，于水中起落游动稳重平正，无仰奔窜之状令观者神闲意静，乃为上品又有一种蛋龙睛，乃蛋鱼串种也。”不仅首次明确地提出了龙睛的名称，而且详细地介绍了各种花色与评鉴方法，证明至少在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1852</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年之前，龙睛鱼已经出现。另根据日本金鱼史料，在明治二十八年（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1895</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年）中国金鱼出口到美国，途经日本横浜时，曾在此地销售了一部分龙睛金鱼，自此龙睛鱼传入了日本。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙睛鱼一经出现，曾被选为宫廷金鱼。研究民俗的专家金受申先生提到：“早年内庭府第所养，只龙睛鱼一种，其他种类尚不多见。龙睛鱼以鱼睛凸出得名，以山东鱼秧为最佳品种。因为山东秧的龙睛，眼大，似</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">荸荠扁</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，又名</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">算盘子</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">眼睛。只高凸而不扁，如牛子眼的，为龙睛鱼中的下品。鱼身要短而肥，尾大而长，并且周正的为上品。”清朝末期，龙睛鱼作为贡品，为皇族贵胄所独享，直至民国时期，才“游入”寻常百姓家。经过百年来金鱼养殖者的数代培育，已形成数十个品种，成为独立的品系</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN lang=EN-US>--------- </SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙种。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">品种特色：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙种金鱼又称龙睛种、龙系，在日本称为“出目金”。突出眼眶的眼睛是其典型特征，根据眼球的形状，还可细分为：算盘子、荸荠、苹果、牛犄角、灯泡等等眼型。其中尤以算盘子（北京称作“棋子”）的眼型最为名贵。龙种金鱼与龙背种的区别在于，龙种金鱼都是具备完整背鳍的，而龙背种没有背鳍。龙种金鱼尾鳍变异很多，短尾、长尾、蝶尾、凤尾都有。蝶尾根据尾形，还可细分作：平直尾（尾鳍展开呈</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">180</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度）、小回雉尾（尾鳍展开</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&gt;180</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度）、大回雉尾（尾鳍展开接近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">360</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度）。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>龙种金鱼的鉴赏标准主要包含以下几点：</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 0cm"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">色彩：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙种金鱼的色彩最为丰富，几乎囊括了全部金鱼能够具有的色彩。红、黄（金）、蓝、紫、白、黑，以及各种颜色组合：双色、三色、五花、荧鳞，不胜枚举。色彩的多样，丰富了选择的空间。以相对稀少的颜色或者色彩搭配奇特的品种最受人青睐。颜色的纯正很是重要，红似朱砂，黑如唐墨，复色的搭配能保持经久不退，方为上品。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 0cm"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">体型：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">身粗而匀，尾大而正是选择优等龙种金鱼的不二法门。头部的宽大、收紧的鳃盖、微突的腹部，从俯视角度看，犹如匀称的观音瓶。从侧视的角度，高耸的背鳍、高峰背和丰满的身躯，这种俗称“高身”的身形最受市场的推崇。除了少数短尾的品种外，龙种金鱼的尾鳍应宽大，舒展，这在评荐蝶尾、凤尾这样以尾形著称的品种显得尤为重要。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">眼睛：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">既然龙种金鱼是以眼睛的变异作为划分的依据，可见对眼睛品鉴最为重要。眼球一定要对称，不能歪斜。眼球的前端较扁平，中部鼓腹，后段收紧，状如算盘珠或者象棋子的为佳。匀称的眼睛加上宽头阔嘴，好像古时头梳双抓髻的孩童。膨大凸现的眼球容易受到不洁水质的侵染，饲养时要倍加小心。明亮清澈的角膜，映现出发亮的虹彩，才彰显眼睛炯炯神采。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>品种介绍：</FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>龙种金鱼可算是个大家族，品种繁多，而且普通龙睛鱼与其它种系进行杂交，又出现了许多具有多个变异特征的新品种。这里仅仅罗列一些广受人们欢迎的品种。</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蝶尾龙睛</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：蝶尾品种出现已有三四十年了，鳍条硬挺，在静止时尾鳍也可打开，且尾型宽大，状如蝴蝶双翅，因而得名。蝶尾龙睛是目前市场上最受欢迎的品种，色彩丰富，形态可爱。不同的色彩搭配，造就了“十二红”、“朱砂眼”、“五花”、“三色”、“熊猫”等，充分满足人们对于色彩的各种偏好。蝶尾龙睛以北京、天津、江苏如皋、福州等产地出产最佳。鱼鳍宽大，柔媚，夸张突出的眼睛增添了几分英武之气。近年来，与琉金进行杂交后，出现了高峰背的特征，加强了侧视的效果。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/iLdvRRoOpJ8kE8HdbLCqZg==/2836986290267260786.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/iLdvRRoOpJ8kE8HdbLCqZg==/2836986290267260786.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>铁包金蝶尾</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/au7Y_yv9x5Dz9E8XIMcDtw==/2836986290267260795.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/au7Y_yv9x5Dz9E8XIMcDtw==/2836986290267260795.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>高峰背的红龙睛蝶尾</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/EjLrCPVAyWnlOQ8R0qqlQg==/2836986290267260814.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/EjLrCPVAyWnlOQ8R0qqlQg==/2836986290267260814.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>五花龙睛蝶尾</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/-9mPlZ-PejkPbWJ2BqL96A==/2836986290267260820.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/-9mPlZ-PejkPbWJ2BqL96A==/2836986290267260820.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>十二红蝶尾</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/LBNA9bkpaZ_QWLHXFPLlaQ==/3734609990997547518.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/LBNA9bkpaZ_QWLHXFPLlaQ==/3734609990997547518.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三色龙睛蝶尾</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">墨龙睛高头</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：帝王御苑北海公园。在琼岛南面临水建筑双虹榭后面，曾蓄养异种金鱼供游人观赏。北海公园的金鱼技师，徐金良、朱光有等人。在上世纪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代培育出的墨龙睛高头，又称“墨龙睛帽”，头型美观、颜色纯正如黑缎，兼据高头和龙睛的特征，且鱼鳍宽大，游动时，宛如天神下凡。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/mgfw9tlebMRsJ8GG__5XZg==/3734609990997547524.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/mgfw9tlebMRsJ8GG__5XZg==/3734609990997547524.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>墨龙睛高头</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">白化种龙睛</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：白化种是金鱼体色中一种或几种色素缺失，形成的特殊色彩。除体色变化之外，（屠隆）曾指出各种颜色不同的眼睛如“黑眼”，“雪眼”，“红眼”，“紫眼”等。因其稀少，陈桢教授也曾误对此推断为：“因我未发现金鱼有非黑色的瞳孔，这些不同种的眼睛可能指的是不同颜色的虹彩。”而实际上瞳孔出现别色的个体是有的，照片中就是一尾瞳孔红色的白化种龙睛。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/WvFs-0VpXD3H_-TWLxirnw==/3734609990997547533.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/WvFs-0VpXD3H_-TWLxirnw==/3734609990997547533.jpg"></A></SPAN></SPAN></B></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">白化红眼龙睛</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">凤尾龙睛：</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不说这鱼，单就这名字“龙”、“凤”二字字就寓意着龙凤呈祥，讨人喜爱。长长的尾鳍如飘摆的衣裙，游动时，轻纱曼舞，煞是动人。凤尾龙睛又称裙尾龙睛，鱼鳍很长，一龄后尾鳍甚至可超过身长。在幼鱼时就可看得出，由于游动缓慢，为保持其优美的“舞姿”，适宜在水族箱中展现，凤尾龙睛上下游动间，鱼鳍得以充分舒展，更增添妩媚风情。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/knYm3LrQnS7O3P_keLpKIA==/3734609990997547543.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/knYm3LrQnS7O3P_keLpKIA==/3734609990997547543.jpg"></A></SPAN></SPAN></B></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">凤尾龙睛</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">灯泡眼龙睛：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">灯泡眼又名车灯眼，它的眼球角膜比较特殊，特别突出。透明的角膜像小电灯泡。灯泡眼在普通眼品种中也有出现，但是龙睛由于虹膜较大，更能映衬灯炮眼的明亮。灯泡眼龙睛要求在洁净的水体中饲养，由于饲养困难，因此十分稀少。图上的红顶灯泡眼龙睛，身姿娇俏，眼睛明亮，非常动人。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/br-ZqHluodle2xO9ZEFdDQ==/3734609990997547557.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/br-ZqHluodle2xO9ZEFdDQ==/3734609990997547557.jpg"></A></SPAN></SPAN></B></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">红顶朱砂灯泡眼龙睛</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">龙睛球</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：如果说仅有眼睛的变异还略显单调的话，头顶着生的绒球无疑是锦上添花，这绒球是金鱼发达鼻膜变异出来的，犹如美女头顶佩戴的簪花。绒球可以有一个，龙戏珠；有两个，好事成双；有四个就是花团锦簇了。绒球在日本也称作“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">花房</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”，这个品种适宜单独饲养，不然可能会因为绒球的讨趣，为它鱼所啃食。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/OLV6tejjtnwGHmBk5f1FvQ==/1769914653557139737.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/OLV6tejjtnwGHmBk5f1FvQ==/1769914653557139737.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>铁包金龙睛球</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/Haj2MZfXjdsVyEyc1QfaRw==/1769914653557139746.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/Haj2MZfXjdsVyEyc1QfaRw==/1769914653557139746.jpg"></A></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">鹤顶红龙睛</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：龙睛种金鱼与其他种系的金鱼通过杂交，又演变出很多品种，鹤顶红龙睛，虎头龙睛、狮头龙睛、水泡眼龙睛</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">......</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以鹤顶红龙睛为例：艳红的头瘤有如丝绒的礼帽，明亮的眼球就像头顶的银饰，白色的身躯就是雪白的婚纱，又有鸿运当头的寓意，世间怕是没有比这再吉祥的金鱼了吧。白色的龙睛与文种的鹤顶红杂交产生的新品种，目前此品种已经稳定下来，能够批量上市，不再稀缺难求，对钟情此种金鱼的爱好者真是福音。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/QKgfn0YygByUj09JnmGgNA==/1769914653557139761.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/QKgfn0YygByUj09JnmGgNA==/1769914653557139761.jpg"></A></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">鹤顶红龙睛</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>龙种金鱼能够仅以眼睛的变异而形成一种金鱼分类，是不多见的。有些学者认为龙睛是由文鱼突变而来，不能作为单独的龙种（系），认为龙种金鱼应该并入文种之中。中国科学院王春元研究员：“在当今的金鱼品种中，除了有背鳍的各类龙眼鱼之外，还有无背鳍的龙眼鱼，所以把具有背鳍的龙眼鱼归入文族中，而把无背鳍的龙眼鱼归入蛋族中。”这种说法具有一定影响面。金鱼的种类与自然界的生物物种不同，是完全既由人类发现变异、定向培育出来的，必然受到人们感情、审美的影响所决定。人们的感情因素即中华民族对于龙的崇拜，已经远远超过简单的金鱼划分，因此，将龙种金鱼独立划分，以体现“鱼龙变化”的美好向往，仍为多数人所认同，本文仍延续了这种划分方式，但将这两种说法都提出来，以供读者品评。</FONT></SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[大苏打]]></author>
	    <comments>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852352815398</comments>
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    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852352815398</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 23 Jun 2008 17:28:15 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-06-23T17:28:15+08:00</dcterms:modified>
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  	<title><![CDATA[金鱼的分类介绍（蛋种金鱼篇）---大苏打]]></title>	
    <link>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852351329410</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=4><STRONG>金鱼的分类介绍</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman">--- </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蛋种金鱼篇</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蛋种金鱼是无背鳍、普通眼一类金鱼的总称。在金鱼诸鳍中，背鳍起到平衡作用，这对于原生扁平的金鲫鱼是至关重要的。金鱼的变异，身体粗短并且出现了四页尾鳍，可以相对弥补背鳍退化所造成的影响。使得无背鳍金鱼个体也能正常游动，从而能够生存下来。蛋种是金鱼各品种变异中，最为显著的，也是出现得最晚的一类金鱼。蛋种在中国金鱼中一向被视为“高档”金鱼，出现伊始即备受重视。有关无背鳍金鱼最早的记载，出现在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1726</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年出版的古今图书集成禽虫典，文中附了一张金鱼图，图上所画的三条金鱼中，其中的一条就是没有背鳍的。这种形态的金鱼至今在日本仍有保留，身形为纺锤形，无背鳍，起名叫作“金蘭子”。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/brAuivsqC-qKp2xgkGe0Qg==/1144758730283031901.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/brAuivsqC-qKp2xgkGe0Qg==/1144758730283031901.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>金蘭子《日本金鱼大鉴》</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">但既然称作蛋种，自然身形还得短粗如蛋才“名副其实”。据清代姚元之《竹叶亭杂记》所载：“蛋鱼此种无脊刺，圆如鸭子。其颜色花斑均如龙睛，唯无墨色，睛不外突耳。身材头尾所尚如前。又有一种于头上生肉指余厚，致两眼内陷者，尤为玩家所尚。此种纯白而红其首肉为上色，共名之曰狮子头。鱼逾老，其首肉逾高大。此种有于背上生一刺，或有一泡如金者，乃为文鱼所串之故，不足贵也。”说明此时（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1899</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年之前）不仅有现代所称的蛋鱼出现，而且更为“高级”的狮子头（即现代所称“虎头鱼”）也出现了。在此日本出版的金鱼书籍中，蛋鱼也被称作“卵虫”。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>蛋种金鱼由于没有了背鳍的阻隔，背部的鳞片分布更加均匀完整，俯视的效果也最好，背部的光亮令人印象深刻。著名语言学家林汉达赞曰：“（蛋鱼）<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">鳞细而光辉夺目，其色彩为橘红色，宛如赤龙光彩四溢，较之任何金鱼更为灿烂</I>。”在自然界中，没有背鳍的鱼类是很少见的。如果没有背鳍，尾鳍也是单尾的话，则鱼很难平衡游动，所以没有背鳍的变异是在双尾金鱼出现之后才有的，而且蛋种金鱼的尾鳍必是三或四尾页的，即所谓双尾金鱼。蛋种金鱼出现之后，以其新奇、稀少，为人所追捧，被养在官宦人家之中，其中的名品更是寻常百姓所难得一见的。直至民国时期，蛋种金鱼也仅为少数玩家所拥有，在市场上是见不到的。</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">北京的民俗学家金受申回忆到：“鸭蛋鱼，俗称‘蛋鱼’，因身短而粗，形如蛋圆，无背鳍，所以名蛋鱼。以尾短小的为佳种。凡无背鳍的都算蛋鱼。由蛋鱼繁衍出来的种类很多，有‘青绒球蛋鱼’、‘红绒球蛋鱼’、‘兰绒球蛋鱼’，有这几种再串出来的，青、蓝、红、黑相间，名‘五花蛋凤’，皮色花块，别有风趣。但以有大块红、大块蓝，颜色鲜明的为上品。又有‘红头鱼’，以齐鳃红为佳，身白如银，红如丹朱，也很美观。我养鱼时，由名画家管平湖先生家得来数尾，花影扶疏，朱鳞沉潜，确有一番闲滋味。又有‘虎头鱼’，头大特别显出，两额宽出。但红头虎头全须尾短。近来又有一种长尾的，名‘凤尾’，是蛋鱼中的变种。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/TER7jrphg562NIEVrIaGjA==/3452572064333657198.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/TER7jrphg562NIEVrIaGjA==/3452572064333657198.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>日本兰畴</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蛋种金鱼的变种很多，各具特色，可以说是将金鱼的变异神奇演绎到了极致。蛋绒球、水泡眼、鹅头、虎头、丹凤</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">… …</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这些都是蛋种金鱼的名品，当然还有当今最为热门的品种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> ---</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">兰畴。失去了背鳍的蛋种金鱼，内部骨骼发生了较大改变，部分脊椎骨发生融合，头骨由于头瘤的生长，被迫凹下。蛋种金鱼的子代中会有脊椎骨退化的现象，在金鱼背部出现突起或是凹下，俗称“扛枪带刺”的个体，被视为劣品。这种个体在幼鱼时期一般就会被淘汰掉。研究日本对于蛋种金鱼（兰畴）的评鉴标准，早期，背部存在突起的个体同样被视作劣品，而存在凹下的个体还能被接受，而近年的评鉴已经更为严格了，背脊的凹下也被算作缺陷了。而事实上，背脊不平或者线条不流畅，必存在乱鳞、逆鳞的情况，在侧视时十分明显，即便是俯视角度，也会有所体现，影响了整体的美感。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">无背鳍的遗传：</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蛋种金鱼与其它有背鳍的品种进行杂交，其后代中大部分都是有背鳍的（包括残缺背鳍），完全没有背鳍的只占少数。一般养殖中应该避免这种杂交。但有时为了培育新品种，或是扶壮蛋种金鱼的珍稀品种，不得已进行这种杂交。如曾一度在市场上消失殆尽的鹅头红金鱼（蛋种），由于数量稀少，近亲繁殖引发退化，头瘤已经不甚发达，为了扶壮该品种，以获得头瘤发达的后代，中国和日本的金鱼爱好者不约而同地尝试了用文种鹤顶红与鹅头红进行杂交。子代中已经获得了少量无背鳍个体。俗话说：“公出头，母出尾。”老鱼工的经验，选择头部特征明显的鹤顶红雄鱼和鹅头红雌鱼作为亲鱼，其子代出现良品的比率会大大增加。另外根据中国科学院遗传研究所王春元研究员的研究结果，金鱼杂交还会出现“母性遗传”，即子代中出现符合母体特征的几率会高一些，选用无背鳍的鹅头红雌鱼做亲鱼，也能最大限度地保留无背鳍的特征。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">蛋种金鱼的优秀品种：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></FONT></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">北京红虎头</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：地方传统名种。虎头在南方叫做狮子头，林汉达《金鱼饲养法》有云：“头如喇叭狗，顶上有肉块，犹如老寿星，狮子头又名堆肉。以背脊无鳍，尾巴短小，身成圆球形，堆肉高厚而整齐者为名贵。若脊上有短鳍或虽无鳍，而脊上略为隆起似为背鳍的遗痕者次之。”北京红虎头的特点是头瘤方正，呈倒梯形，肉瘤紧质，在生长期出现的褶皱纹隐隐呈现出“王”字，加之粗壮的身形，更使“虎头”之名形象。幼鱼时即要选择头长嘴阔，北京话谓之“脑架”大的个体，有望培育出头瘤发达的“成品”。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/rwaydf1lnZFY3QNy6oBKXQ==/3452572064333657201.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/rwaydf1lnZFY3QNy6oBKXQ==/3452572064333657201.jpg"></A>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">黑白水泡</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：在眼眶下部着生着充满组织液的圆形水泡，半透明，游动时如水波状晃动，好像举着两只气球。水泡鱼龄会不断增长，超过鸽子蛋，甚至有个别个体能超过小鸡蛋。粗壮的身形是选择优质水泡金鱼的要点，不仅为了视觉上的匀称，更是为了强壮的游姿能够负担起硕大的水泡。二龄的水泡进入最佳观赏时期，此时饲养的水质要求清澈，以控制水中的含菌量，避免水泡感染细菌。黑白的颜色组合是从蓝水泡中脱色出来，属于近年来新培育出来的色彩品种。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/hH7jWzSeU5nw-mpQecyogw==/3452572064333657204.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/hH7jWzSeU5nw-mpQecyogw==/3452572064333657204.jpg"></A></SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">红顶白高头丹凤</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：蛋种金鱼的尾形可分为长尾、短尾。长尾的也称蛋凤或是丹凤。丹凤金鱼在幼鱼时长尾的特征即会出现，至三龄以后，尾长甚至要超过体长，游动时如同长袖飘舞的仕女。红顶高头也称为鹅头（陈桢，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1925</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），目前已经较为少见了，图上这尾红顶白高头丹凤，也可称为长尾鹅头红，恰似歪戴红丝小帽，笑吟吟的娃娃脸，加之红色的玉兔朱砂眼，应属难得一见的佳品。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/K5RgCk2xjqMXGzBGaG5VHA==/3452572064333657215.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/K5RgCk2xjqMXGzBGaG5VHA==/3452572064333657215.jpg"></A></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">福州兰畴</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：兰畴也写作兰寿，最早也作“蘭鋳”。是从日本引入的金鱼品种，被国外评为“金鱼之王”。兰畴引入中国以后，通过近三十年的繁育，在身形、体色都与日本原产的兰畴有了很大区别。国内兰畴多数在福州市附近的渔场养殖，在其他中国金鱼的传统产区，无论是养殖数量还是质量，都不及福州出产的。福州兰畴之名不胫而走，被爱好者戏称为“福寿”，更增添几分吉祥的寓意。福州兰畴体型硕大，头瘤发达，背弓流畅，背脊与尾鳍有着近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">90</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">度的夹角。优质福州兰畴个体的体长甚至超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">厘米</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，游动时气势非凡。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/g10ZsMnICKYK_2uiHVJx8w==/3452572064333657218.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/g10ZsMnICKYK_2uiHVJx8w==/3452572064333657218.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>黑兰畴</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/79xWh3j-D2MZZRq6XfRT2Q==/3452572064333657221.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/79xWh3j-D2MZZRq6XfRT2Q==/3452572064333657221.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>软鳞红白兰畴</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">黑白虎头</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：虎头头瘤发达，包裹住整个头鳃，眼睛隐陷，好像睡眼朦胧。胖胖的身体，短短的鱼鳍，游动时摇摇摆摆，宛如蹒跚学步的婴孩，十分惹人怜爱。黑白的颜色组合在金鱼色彩中最晚出现。银白的基色上，黑色的斑纹渐渐褪去，形成犹如山水画的图案。或苍龙舞动、或乌云密布、或田隐山郭，墨趣横生。尾鳍的挑选应注重粗尾柄、中尾鳍，这样均衡的个体，不容易发生栽头的现象。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/A045deD3Y7huNSu9k9orvQ==/3452572064333657224.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/A045deD3Y7huNSu9k9orvQ==/3452572064333657224.jpg"></A></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">紫蓝花蛋绒球</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：绒球金鱼尤以蛋种的最为正宗，鼻翼膜变异的“花束”，绒球以颜色、大小一致，抱团紧，球体大的为佳。绒球鱼京津地区很受欢迎，老北京金鱼里有一种“铁鳞蓝”蛋绒球，以清新淡雅的色彩，得到资深鱼友的推崇，特别是与其它色彩的金鱼混养，尤为突出。图上的这尾是近年来培育的，十分接近这种颜色的表述，在蛋绒球中最为名贵的是四绒球，即绒球有四只，目前还未能批量生产。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/M1Qq_pzs-0Vy2phEbskz2g==/3452572064333657231.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/M1Qq_pzs-0Vy2phEbskz2g==/3452572064333657231.jpg"></A></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">武汉猫狮</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：属于武汉的地方名产，头瘤特别发达，向横宽方向生长，头瘤好像剥了皮的葡萄，晶莹剔透，特别是嘴两侧的肉瘤硕大，甚至将嘴给挤成了一个小孔，憨憨的样子，讨人喜爱。美中不足之处，武汉猫狮的尾柄较细，与发达的头部不成比例，在挑选时，应注重身形的强健以及舒展的四页尾个体的选择，以防止栽头的过早发生。近年来，各地也有引入武汉猫狮，与当地蛋种金鱼进行杂交，以培育头瘤发达的子代。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/VjO1EEY6UNls6kRfnFpKkQ==/3452572064333657238.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/VjO1EEY6UNls6kRfnFpKkQ==/3452572064333657238.jpg"></A></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">珍珠寿</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：珍珠鱼原属文种，先前也有无背鳍的品种出现（蛋种珍珠鳞），被视为珍稀异种，现已基本绝迹。珍珠与兰畴鱼杂交的后代，出现珍珠寿，这种短身形的后代，兼具虎头头瘤和珍珠鳞片的特征，并且体型十分奇特，游动不太平稳，饲养难度较高，目前在马来西亚，有金鱼爱好者在批量饲养。笔者将此鱼暂定名为“珍珠寿（星）”，以为他人品评。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/BkikmVTKam6R1olN_JYWAw==/3452572064333657241.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/BkikmVTKam6R1olN_JYWAw==/3452572064333657241.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>红顶虎头</FONT></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>：此种在北京、天津、苏州、福州等地均有养殖，培育出来各具特色的红顶虎头。此品种主要特征，头瘤顶部为红色微微凸起，鳃盖的头瘤为半透明的白色或浅黄色，体色银白，身形粗短，尾鳍短小，此鱼有着鸿运当头的美好内涵。在幼鱼选择时，头顶的红色不能漫过脑后，身上、鱼鳍上、肚皮上不能带有半点红色。由于正品率较低，此鱼在市场上一直维持着较高的价位</FONT>。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/ed5QqfmLsPU5N1EWVc78dg==/5143673724411085996.jpg" target=_blank><IMG style="FLOAT: left" src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/ed5QqfmLsPU5N1EWVc78dg==/5143673724411085996.jpg"></A></SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[大苏打]]></author>
	    <comments>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852351329410</comments>
    <slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852351329410</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 23 Jun 2008 17:13:29 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-06-23T17:13:29+08:00</dcterms:modified>
  </item>    
  <item>
  	<title><![CDATA[金鱼的分类介绍（文种金鱼篇）---大苏打]]></title>	
    <link>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852345432354</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=4><SPAN><STRONG><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/bx_JPcnnjErtT2lDmy4axA==/864972603432380664.jpg" target=_blank></A>金鱼的分类介绍</STRONG></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><SPAN>---- 文种金鱼篇</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文种金鱼当属金鱼中的大家族，品种众多，人们熟知的高头、狮头、琉金、珍珠鳞都属于文种。文鱼是文种金鱼的代表品种。文鱼俯视时，尖头、短身、尾鳍四页分叉的形态，恰似汉字中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">字，文鱼由此得名。文种金鱼的特点是体短，普通眼，各鱼鳍一般比较长，背鳍完整、舒展。不知是否真的沾了些文气，在游动中有如翩翩君子，仪态端庄。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">品种由来</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></FONT></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>文鱼是出现较早的金鱼品种，清代姚元之《竹叶亭杂记》金鱼饲育法（宝冠军使奎，字五峰，号文垣，记养鱼之法颇有足采者。录之）所记：<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">“文鱼此种颜色花斑亦如前，亦无墨色者，身体头尾俱如龙睛，而两眼不外突耳。年久亦能生狮子头。所尚如前。有脊刺，短者、缺者、不连者，乃蛋鱼所串耳。此三种另有洋种，无鳞，花斑细碎，尾有软硬二种。”</I></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/iAydQIEMIKiGYbfHZX1QEw==/5108207877345381933.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/iAydQIEMIKiGYbfHZX1QEw==/5108207877345381933.jpg"></A>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>蓝文鱼</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">根据此记载，可见至清代已经出现了具有头瘤变异的文种金鱼。而且研究已经十分深入，可以较为准确地辨别出文种金鱼与带鳍蛋种鱼的差异。据现代科学研究发现，文种金鱼是在龙种及蛋种金鱼之前出现。南开大学生物系王晓梅博士</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1999</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年的论文《文种金鱼系统发育地位的研究》以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">DNA</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的研究确定了在金鱼的系统演化中，文种鱼的系统发育地位。</SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在金鱼的系统演化中，文种应在龙种和蛋种之前，而不能与之并列。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN></I></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文种金鱼在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪传入日本，经过日本金鱼爱好者数百年来的培育，已自成体系，有很多优秀的品种，关东型东锦就是其中的佼佼者，曾经与日本金鱼之王兰畴不相上下。东锦最初由狮头与三色龙睛杂交而成，按照中国金鱼的分类习惯，将其归于文种。在日本关东地区有不少爱好者饲养。在研究中国金鱼的古籍中，曾记载了一种名为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">天仙子</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的金鱼品种，经后人考证，这是指一种<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">“具有雨过天晴天般色彩的蓝色金鱼。”</I>（厉春鹏，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1983</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年）笔者多年寻找这种色彩的金鱼，但终一无所获，甚至开始怀疑考证的真实性。终于在日本金鱼中发现一种名为“天青”的关东型东锦，透明鳞片下隐现独具魅力的青色体色，确实给人以雨过天晴色彩的遐想。加之形体瘦长，并不以发达的头瘤取胜，长长飘逸的鱼鳍，具有特别的韵味。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/HJgylhk_SE5DZnjoG6P40w==/5407978727542173029.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/HJgylhk_SE5DZnjoG6P40w==/5407978727542173029.jpg"></A></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">天青</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">摘自《日本金鱼大鉴》</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文鱼传入日本时，曾经由琉球王（现在的冲绳县）赠送给萨摩的藩主之岛津陛下，并由此闻名，始称为琉金。初始的文鱼其峰背并不高，身形也略长，经过在日本的培养，琉金具有了完美的峰背夹角，并由此使得平庸的头部不再明显，也算是“藏拙”吧。琉金中有一个变种，尾鳍特别宽大，已成为一个独立的品种“土佐”，如今“土佐”已成为日本高知县的自然纪念物，并创立了土佐金鱼特有的饲养方法。将土佐养在陶制的特殊圆缸中，这种圆缸口大身浅，不以人工增氧，在这种狭小静止的水域中，左鳍与右鳍交替运动，有助于反翘尾型的形成。投喂低脂肪的饲料，保持娇小的体型。土佐金美轮美奂的身姿，使得土佐有“金鱼皇后”的美誉。有意思的是一向不为大陆金鱼爱好者重视的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尾（尾页的中间相连），在大陆</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尾的金鱼在幼鱼时期即会被淘汰，而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尾页的土佐金鱼，恰恰是中间连贯的尾形，使纱裙般的尾鳍得以完美体现。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=2></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/-CjREZAf3EoN77sRypPPUg==/5407978727542173048.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/-CjREZAf3EoN77sRypPPUg==/5407978727542173048.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>土佐金尾鳍宽大的反翘尾，</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">品种特点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></FONT></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文种金鱼鱼鳍飘逸</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">背鳍就像船只上高耸的风帆，尾鳍仿佛唐人飘摆的衣裙，最为值得一提的是文种金鱼头瘤的变化，在文种金鱼中包含了各种金鱼的头瘤形态。虽然头瘤对于金鱼而言是一种增生物，会影响捕食和游动，但是在人们眼中，头瘤如玉石般光洁、如水晶般晶莹，是金鱼美的一个看点。因而希望培育出头瘤发达的优质金鱼。有人盛传，金鱼的头瘤是由脂肪的堆积而成的，因而要想头瘤发达，就得多投喂脂肪饲料，而头瘤上常出现的白色的小囊泡，也被认为是脂肪过多冒出来的，乃头瘤生长的表象。对于这种说法，是缺少科学依据的。金鱼的头部没有鳞片，头瘤经过研究，是退变的表皮细胞，形成松散的空核结构。中国科学院遗传研究所王春元等在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1983</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年对金鱼头部瘤样赘生物组织进行电镜细胞化学研究：</SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></I></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“我们在对金鱼头部瘤样赘生物的组织结构及超微结构进行研究时发现这一组织的变化是很大的。主要表现为上皮组织退化解体，细胞层次逐渐减少变薄，并为疏松的结缔组织和粘液所代替。与此同时，结缔组织也出现明显的退化现象，如成纤维细胞大为减少，为大量粘液所填充。从外观上看，金鱼头部突出物随着年龄的增长而显得增厚。实际上，是由于细胞空胞化和为大量粘液积聚所造成的瘤样赞生物。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></FONT></I></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/Lf61OBzizjy6s_U1xQttYQ==/5407978727542173057.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/Lf61OBzizjy6s_U1xQttYQ==/5407978727542173057.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>高头型头瘤（鹤顶红）</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/qKCFGWJQ-q0PL8zZjkQ3yg==/5407978727542173068.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/qKCFGWJQ-q0PL8zZjkQ3yg==/5407978727542173068.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>狮头型头瘤</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/MTkuckormiU6axWiv5Mt5Q==/5407978727542173076.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/MTkuckormiU6axWiv5Mt5Q==/5407978727542173076.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>皇冠型头瘤</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">那么头瘤的发育是由什么来决定呢？发达的头瘤首先由遗传决定，经过人们对数十代金鱼的定向选育，具有发达头瘤的基因得以保留，亲鱼的头瘤发达，子代中出现头瘤发达的个体比例就会高。其次后天饲养的影响也是很重要的。蛋白质是金鱼生长新组织，修补旧组织的主要组成成份，饵料中必须有足够的蛋白质，才能促进金鱼的生长，快速增生头瘤需要大量蛋白质的补充。在头瘤的生长时期，投喂蛋白质含量高的饵料十分有必要，有经验的鱼农都知道，每年入秋，对狮头、虎头等头瘤观赏性的金鱼，要设法搞到水蚯蚓（俗称线虫）进行投喂，有了充足的饵料，金鱼的头瘤才能充分发育。据分析，水蚯蚓蛋白质的含量很高，干物质中含粗蛋白近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">60%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，自然成为促进头瘤成长的最佳饵料。脂肪虽会起到增加金鱼肥满度的作用，但对于头瘤的生长作用不大，过高的脂肪含量还会影响性腺的发育，造成金鱼不发情，或是难产。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>在头瘤生长过程中，要注意饲养水体的清洁，不洁水质细菌大量繁殖，会在头瘤上着生肤霉病，常得此病金鱼不仅头瘤的生长受到影响，而且着生病菌处还会形成疤痕，影响到头瘤的光洁。此外，头瘤型文种鱼不要与无头瘤的文种鱼（如琉金）混养。尖头的琉金会啄食别的金鱼的头瘤，造成头瘤的缺失，虽然金鱼头瘤的再生能力极强：<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">“我们把切除一部分赞生物组织的金鱼重新饲养，这种瘤样赘生物突起不久就会重新长出。（王春元）”</I>，但新生长的头瘤与原生的会存在较大差异，俗称长“飞”了，失去了观赏价值。在中国，金鱼的头瘤根据生长形态可分为皇冠型、虎头型、高头型、狮头型四种，而在日本被我们称为狮头型的形态还再次细部划分为兜巾型、龙头型、狮子头型。这里就不再絮述了。</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">头瘤形态划分方法：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></FONT></B></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>分类</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffff; WIDTH: 279pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=465>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>特点描述</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>代表品种</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>文种皇冠型</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>头瘤为一整体，有个体头瘤自中线分成两瓣</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>皇冠珍珠</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>文种高头型</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>头瘤集中在头部顶端，呈方形或蘑菇状，两腮则没有</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ffffff; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffff; WIDTH: 78.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=131>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>鹤顶红</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>文种虎头型</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>头顶肉瘤隆起并分布两腮，两腮肉瘤常超过顶部生长</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ffffff; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffff; WIDTH: 78.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=131>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>扯旗虎头</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ffffff; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 68.4pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=114>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>文种狮头型</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ffffff; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffff; WIDTH: 279pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=465>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>头瘤异常丰富，上部明显趋于方形，两腮肉瘤不超过顶部</FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ffffff; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffff; WIDTH: 78.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=131>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>狮头</FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">优秀品种</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">墨皇冠珍珠</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：珍珠鳞的鳞片富含石灰质，凸起的鳞片就像颗颗珍珠。外表光滑的皇冠型头瘤，成一整体，有些个体还会以中线将头冠分成两半。皇冠型头瘤为何仅在皇冠珍珠鳞中出现，值得研究。皇冠珍珠鳞一般多为红白色，黑色的皇冠珍珠较为少见。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;<A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/bMu9OxhaVb3Db6I09AfJyA==/864972603432380647.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/bMu9OxhaVb3Db6I09AfJyA==/864972603432380647.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">短尾珍珠</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：大多数文种金鱼都是长鳍的，唯有短尾珍珠鳞是个例外，圆球般的身体配以短得几乎可以忽略的鱼鳍，更显得浑圆可爱。在水中游动时常常跌跌撞撞的，犹如一只落进水族箱中的皮球。这个品种在武汉、台湾都有批量养殖，特别受到现代家庭的喜爱。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=2> </FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;<A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/wYJ34zJaM3csFci03j1zuQ==/864972603432380656.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/wYJ34zJaM3csFci03j1zuQ==/864972603432380656.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">五花珍珠</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：金鱼的五花品种，是最显色彩斑斓的。五花指的是：黑、黄、白、红、蓝。五花色彩以一种发青的颜色作为底色，细碎的黑色斑点疏密得当，红色的部分不能太少，而且最好在头顶也是红色，具有这样的色彩搭配可谓百里挑一。五花珍珠在各地都有出产，尤其以苏州、天津一带出产的五花皮球珍珠最具特色。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;<A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/bx_JPcnnjErtT2lDmy4axA==/864972603432380664.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/bx_JPcnnjErtT2lDmy4axA==/864972603432380664.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">四绒球紫高头</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：带有绒球的品种很多，龙种、蛋种、文种中均有，但是能够培育出带有四个球体匀称、紧致，色彩鲜艳的四绒球紫高头还属相当不易。头部如同遍插绒球，古铜的鳞片就像古代的盔甲。伴随着游动，绒球在水中摆动，靠近口边的绒球常被金鱼含住，吞进吐出，十分讨趣。绒球是发达的鼻膜变异，不能再生。在饲养过程中要特别小心，以防止绒球的意外脱落、松散。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/QFvKAgOC_EW4S1JmNBr_QA==/864972603432380667.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/QFvKAgOC_EW4S1JmNBr_QA==/864972603432380667.jpg"></A>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">黑白狮头</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：黑白的颜色组合最受资深玩家的追捧，浓淡相宜墨色配以雪白的银鳞，黑质并非一成不变。而是像日本锦鲤中写鲤，在生长过程中逐渐展现，或泼墨山水、或乌云压顶、或喜鹊登枝，极尽变化，绝少雷同。二龄以后能够保持浓黑的墨色不褪，就更属难得了。狮头以苏州产的为佳，不仅头瘤十分发达，而且与身形、尾长的比例也比较好，不至于头重脚轻。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/HJTd-B8Mzcq2iLkH9iraLw==/864972603432380682.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/HJTd-B8Mzcq2iLkH9iraLw==/864972603432380682.jpg"></A>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">红白琉金</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：金鱼的红色大多近似胡萝卜色，能够算得上艳红的寥寥。红白琉金却能将金鱼的红色体现到了极致。侧视时，高耸的峰背，尖小的头部、丰满的垂腹、短细的尾柄恰好组成一个饱满的菱形，就像节日里鲜红的彩旗。红白琉金完全可以与热带观赏鱼里的血鹦鹉鱼相媲美，摆在厅堂中最能增添喜庆的氛围。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/LCK3BUxiLOOrhGsqJGNhqg==/346214221354523983.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/LCK3BUxiLOOrhGsqJGNhqg==/346214221354523983.jpg"></A>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">白头红高头（玉印头）</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：高头在北京也称“帽子”，是一类传统品种，最具代表性的是鹤顶红，银白的身躯配上大红的“礼帽”红色的头瘤要求紧凑方正，呈现“倒梯形”的样子，头瘤向上生长，要求高高隆起，取鸿运当头之意。而白头红高头与人们熟知的鹤顶红金鱼的色彩搭配恰恰相反。大红的鱼身，更衬托出白玉般的头瘤。头瘤方正、紧致，状如头顶一方玉印，因而得以“玉印头”的美名。此品种原为珍稀品种，现已广泛培育，满足了金鱼爱好者的需求。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/zMEm3-46UhjHa_lxe5QXgA==/346214221354523993.jpg" target=_blank><IMG src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/zMEm3-46UhjHa_lxe5QXgA==/346214221354523993.jpg"></A>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>此外，一些蛋种金鱼品种中会出现带有背鳍的个体，根据传统金鱼划分，这一部分也属于文种，像文种水泡（扯鳍水泡）、文种虎头等，但这属于返祖现象，观赏价值不及原品种，因而没有得以批量饲养。</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/c9AZLr7A7xT4DGUUTm_Atg==/346214221354524002.jpg" target=_blank><IMG style="FLOAT: left" src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/c9AZLr7A7xT4DGUUTm_Atg==/346214221354524002.jpg"></A></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>文种水泡</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><A href="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/IzBOO8D9Voy4fPhUIwk_wg==/5666935706115899450.jpg" target=_blank><IMG style="FLOAT: left" src="http://img.blog.163.com/photo/IzBOO8D9Voy4fPhUIwk_wg==/5666935706115899450.jpg"></A></SPAN></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>文种虎头</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P></div>]]></description>
	    <author><![CDATA[大苏打]]></author>
	    <comments>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852345432354</comments>
    <slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
    <guid isPermaLink="true">http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852345432354</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 23 Jun 2008 16:54:32 +0800</pubDate>
    <dcterms:modified>2008-06-23T16:59:43+08:00</dcterms:modified>
  </item>    
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  	<title><![CDATA[金鱼的分类介绍（金鲫种篇）--- 大苏打]]></title>	
    <link>http://chinagoldfish.blog.163.com/blog/static/9922320200852342239213</link>
    <description><![CDATA[<div><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金鱼的分类介绍</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>---- </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金鲫种篇</SPAN></P>
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